This article Different Types of Meditation Change Different Areas of the Brain shows how research into three different types of meditation changed corresponding structures in the brain in just three months.
These findings are exciting as they imply that we can have a very tangible impact on our brains’ physiology depending on how we use our brains, and what sort of meditations we do — focussed awareness, loving kindness, and mindfulness in this case.
This could have important implications for treatment of mental health issues through specific meditations — eg: poor attention, poor memory, irritability, etc… could all be improved through specific types of meditation which impact corresponding areas of the brain.